This finding lends support to the view that changes in respiratory pattern can only be responsible for a very small proportion of the VE/VCO2 slope difference between chronic cardiac failure and normals. There were no significant changes in ventilation, carbon dioxide production, or the correlation between ventilation and carbon dioxide production. Minute ventilation, carbon dioxide production and oxygen consumption were measured. PA refers to alveolar partial pressure of a gas, while Pa. The alveolar ventilation rate changes according to the frequency of breath, tidal volume, and amount of dead space. The three types of ventilation are minute ventilation, alveolar ventilation, and dead space ventilation. Nine healthy subjects were recruited from amongst hospital staff volunteers. Ventilation is the rate at which gas enters or leaves the lung. In order to assess the effect of changes in respiratory pattern on the relationship between ventilation and carbon dioxide production, normal subjects exercised at the same level at three different respiratory rates (normal, 25% slower, 25% faster). Dead space is the term used to describe alveoli that have normal ventilation but no blood flow through their capillaries. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the increased ventilation to carbon dioxide production relationship on exercise associated with chronic cardiac failure may be due in part to changes in respiratory pattern, causing an increase in anatomical dead space ventilation.
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